Issue Essay Gre Topics: No Longer a Mystery

Issue Essay Gre Topics: No Longer a Mystery What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Issue Essay Gre Topics The issue essay in GRE needs a sufficient quantity of prep before the actual test. There are many websites that likewise list absolutely free GRE test questions practice on them. An answer to any other issue will get a score of zero. You will get your essay scores approximately 10-15 days following your test date. The ETS Score It Now, is an amazing feature available for you to receive your essays graded. So, it's safe to say that in the event that you write no less than a few sentences in English, you will receive a score of 1.0. Nowadays you know what it requires to receive an ideal essay score. The best method to determine how to find a high Analytical Writing score is to examine a GRE essay sample, but doing so with no guidance can be overwhelming. New Questions About Issue Essay Gre Topics If you take a close look at the statistics below, you might have to concur with me. Some people think that scientific discoveries have given us a far better mastery of the world around us. The topics would be associated with the normal troubles. The ideal way to address environmental problems brought on by consumer generated waste is for towns and cities to impose strict limits on the sum of trash they'll accept from every household. Get the Scoop on Issue Essay Gre Topics Before You're Too Lat e There's a lot that may be judged from the written essay. However you get ready for the essays, make sure you at least write a couple of each type before you take the actual GRE. Potential essay topics which you could have on the day of your GRE are on the ETS site, so technically there aren't any surprises if you do your homework! In an essay, you're expected to compose thorough passages on the provided topics. You might find that it is possible to use lots of them for many essays don't let the very first thing that springs to mind box you in. Which type of essays will be there and what's predicted to be written. The essays are broken up into two. The essay graders understand that you simply get 30 minutes to compose each AWA essay and in addition, they know that you won't have the ability to cover every potential argument, reason and rebuttal. More creative tips on how to receive your essay graded here. This essay is one possible reaction to the statement. Since you may see, the longer the essay, the greater the grades. One more thing you must concentrate on is your vocabulary. So long as you use sensible reasoning, correct grammar and so long as you are able to defend your point intelligently and utilize precise vocabulary to convey meaning effectively, you ought to be alright. There is, in addition, the problem of grammar. Between grammar and style, it is much easier to improve. The grade of the essay will be wholly judged by your capacity to choose 1 side of the coin, and how well you're able to develop and support that decision. You'll receive your high quality plagiarism-free paper based on your deadline! If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it could be appropriate that you provide an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). No doubt it's a remarkable choice. The Importance of Issue Essay Gre Topics The ideal way to prepare is by considering the pool of topics that are listed on the ETS site. You might also want to suggest additional research or comment on things that it wasn't possible that you discuss in the paper. The survey could have been 10 pages long, with 2 questions devoted to river sports. Also a reminder you may work with me if you're searching for issue essay feedback. You may see that many Issue Essay prompts make statements that are hard to completely support. Students have to compose thei r own SOP, not plagiarize it. They should always question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively. For some courses like an MBA, they need to have work experience to be eligible for the course.

Death Of A Salesman - Minor Characters Essay - 565 Words

In the play Death of a Salesman, the plot is affected by three minor characters: Ben, Charley and Howard. The minor characters help the storys protagonist, Willy, develop extensively throughout the course of the play; therefore, they are key elements in the advancing story line. This story line blends and contrasts Willys closest companions, Ben and Charley. They represent two aspects of Willys ideals. Howard, Willys boss, functions in order to heighten the destruction of Willys dream. The characters Ben, Charley and Howard are influential in the plays outcome and help develop the main character, Willy. Ben is a figment of Willys imagination who represents his idealistic view of prosperity. Ben is symbolic of the success of the†¦show more content†¦The failure of Willys ideals are again represented with his envious attitude towards Charley. quot;You been jealous of me all your life, you damned fool!quot;(98). Charley is successful due to hard work and this has angered Willy because it is contrary to his beliefs. The failure of Willy Lomans ideals are apparent because of the success of his closest friend, Charley. Howards character functions in order to represent the bitter reality from which the protagonists tries to escape. The reality of the situation is presented before Willy when he is fired by Howard. quot;No, but its a business, kid, and everybodys gotta pull his own weightquot;(80). Howard explains to Willy that, contrary to his beliefs, the business world is a harsh environment void of compassion and preference. Howard increases the mood of the play when he reveals the desperation of Willys situation. quot;Sure, theyre only a hundred and a half. You cant do without itquot;(78). Howard is very capable of purchasing the machine of which he speaks; however, Willy is far from being able to accomplish such a purchase. The impression of Willys failure is heightened through his dealings with Howard. Through the actions of the minor characters in Death of a Salesman, Willy Lomans character develops throughout the play. These minor characters, Ben,Show MoreRelated Minor Characters Impact on Willy Loman in Arthur Millers play, Death of a Salesman471 Words   |  2 PagesMinor Characters Impact on Willy Loman in Arthur Millers play, Death of a Salesman In the Arthur Miller play Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman comes in contact with several characters, many of whom prompt him to examine his past as well as his conscience. Charleys son Bernard is such a character. Lacking dimension and depth of character, Bernard functions primarily as a foil to expose Willys tragic and pathetic nature. The other characters have no real interaction with Willy that wouldRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Willy Miller1250 Words   |  5 PagesUndeniably charming, Death of a Salesman begins quickly, and immediately grabs a reader’s attention. A paragraph of stage directions sets a clear picture in the reader’s head, and then immediately transitions to develop the protagonist by revealing his wife’s thoughts. The setting is described in depth through the stage directions; Death of a Salesman takes place in Willy’s small, fragile home in Brooklyn. Willy, the protagonist, and Linda, his wife, are the first characters introduced. Their dialogueRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman Character Analysis1240 Words   |  5 PagesUndeniably charming, Death of a Salesman begins quickly, and immediately grabs a reader’s attention. A paragraph of stage directions sets a clear picture in the reader’s head, and then immediately transitions to develope the protagonist b y revealing his wife’s thoughts. The setting is described in depth through the stage directions; Death of a Salesman takes place in Willy’s small, fragile home in Brooklyn. Willy, the protagonist, and Linda, his wife, are the first characters introduced. Their dialogueRead More Importance of Self-Image in the Loman Family1483 Words   |  6 Pages Published in 1949, Arthur Miller’s Death of Salesman is a post Second World War American drama that highlights the plight of isolation and desolation experienced by the common man, as symbolized by Willy. The play deals with the society, life’s absurdity, various internal and external conflicts, death and above all, the tragedy of existence. It is located in the industrial society of the twentieth century where the pressure to succeed and the financial difficulties seem insurmountable. The playRead More Death of a Salesman Structure Metaphoric Language and Theme1542 Words   |  7 PagesDeath of a Salesman Structure Metaphoric Language and Theme In looking at the characteristics of the tragic hero, it can be see that Willy Loman is not a tragic hero but a victim of a false idealistic pursuit of the â€Å"American Dream†. Willy strives to become and instill in his sons the success of the self made man that American society often advertises but ultimately falls short, and instead, escapes accepting his failure through lies and death. What many flaws Willy possesses, most do notRead More The Requiem Scene in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Essay740 Words   |  3 PagesThe Requiem Scene in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman The death of Willy Loman was remembered by few.   He was mourned not because of his tragic death but because of his despairing life.   The Requiem scene in Death of a Salesman describes the ill-attended funeral of Willy, the tragic hero who struggled to fulfill his vision of the American Dream.   This scene brings closure to the play because the audience realizes that only in death is Willy able to accept the failure and false success thatRead More The Significance of Music in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman738 Words   |  3 PagesThe Significance of Music in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman     Ã‚   Human emotions are something that we seldom find a way to express clearly: from simple hand gestures, to a disgusted face. To understand his novel more thoroughly, Arthur Miller uses the most understandable method of comprehension, music, to express the emotions of the characters in his play, Death of a Salesman. The characters, Willy, Linda, Biff, Happy, and Ben, have a certain style of music and instruments portrayingRead MoreThe Relationship between a Father and His Children in Arthur Miller Plays1704 Words   |  7 PagesThe relationship between a father and his children is a repeating topic in huge numbers of Arthur Millers plays, including Death of a Salesman, The Price All My Sons and The Man Who Had All the Luck. Being profoundly affected by Fyodor Dostoyevskys Brothers Karamazov and the Norwegian writer Henrik Ibsen, and seeing his own particular father to be a disappointment throughout and after the Depression, Miller created a characteristic enthusiasm for and interest wi th this theme. Despite the fact thatRead MoreThe Dark Side of Suicide645 Words   |  3 PagesThe majority of people who commit suicide are psychologically and emotionally deranged. They are unhappy with their life or who they have become and they see death as the way out. They see death as freedom, something that will take them far away from the dreadful life they are living. The character Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller kills himself for this very reason and justifies it by allowing his family to have his $20,000 life insurance policy. As I said before, for many casesRead MoreDeath of a Salesman - Materialism Alienation1696 Words   |  7 PagesModern Tragedies deal with modern issues such as materialism, consumerism, procrastination and alienation. To what extent does Death of a Salesman show evidence of at least two of these issues, and how does Miller present them? Arthur Miller’s ‘Death of a Salesman’ is a modern tragedy; one that incorporates both the tragic genre presented in theatres for centuries as well as essences of the modern world we live in. Materialism is a modern phenomenon, something which possibly began due to the American

Sustainability Accounting and Reporting Environmental Management

Question: Discuss about theSustainability Accounting and Reportingfor Environmental Management. Answer: This article discusses about environmental management accounting and discovers that a variety of numerous observations and impressions of the Environmental Management Accounting EMA that has been constructed. It is seen that there have movements recently towards a general understanding of Environmental Management Accounting. The article moves towards the path of a widespread framework for Environmental Management Accounting by undertaking a discussion with respect to the EMAs location within the vaster context of the environmental accounting and then undertaking a comprehensive outline for EMA, which connects the business actors and the tools of EMA (Burritt, Hahn and Schaltegger 2002). The framework tries to limelight the time horizon that is related with various tools of environmental accounting by implementing the difference between the future and the past and among the long and short term focus on the different tools. The articles recommends the most significant EMA tools. The article of Ratnatunga and Balachandran (2009) exhibits that the facts obtained from the strategic cost accounting process will be specifically helpful in the new carbon economy that is specifically useful for analyzing the cost of whole of life with respect to the emission of carbons with regards to the services and the products. This paper publishes with respect to a research study that was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Kyoto protocol on management of cost and cost accounting. The management of the performance of the corporate carbon has been a swift development with respect to a topic due to the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases. It is seen that with respect to the increase in the greenhouse emissions the carbon emission has reduced significantly. The article looks to efficiently decrease the corporate climate transformations that requires decisions with respect to tracing and tracking of the emissions of carbon (Burritt, Schaltegger and Zvezdov 2011). The paper was undertaken in order to recognize the present state of the enhancement of the carbon management accounting. There were specific publications that were evaluated by taking the help of the taxonomic evaluations. The evaluation reveals that the prevailing assistances on carbon management accounting accounting techniques only aids very few decisions and leaves various areas open for further practices and research. Reference List Burritt, RL, Hahn, T and Schaltegger, S 2002, Towards a comprehensive framework for environmental management accounting Links between business actors and Environmental Management Accounting tools, Australian Accounting Review, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 39-50. Burritt, RL, Schaltegger, S and Zvezdov, D 2011, Carbon management accounting Explaining practice in leading German Companies, Australian Accounting Review, vol. 21, no.1, pp. 80-98. Ratnatunga, J and Balachandran, K 2009, Carbon Business Accounting: The Impact of Global Warming on the Cost and Management Accounting Profession, Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 333-355.

Nicolaus Copernicus essay for 8th grade free essay sample

In the early 1500s when almost everyone believed that the Earth was the center of the universe a polish scientist astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus came up with a theory that the sun was the center of the universe and not the earth like many believed. Born on Feb. 19, 1473 in Poland and having a bishop as an uncle he was given a solid education. He moved at the age of 22 to Italy to further his studies at the university of bologna. It was there where Copernicus became more interested in astronomy. Although his models werent completely correct it did formed a good strong foundation for future scientist to build and improve. Thanks to him we dont believe in a Geocentric universe anymore. We know now that the earths rotation is accounted for the rise and setting of the sun, movement of stars and seasons. He also proposed that the earths motion trough space caused the retrograde motion of planets at night. We will write a custom essay sample on Nicolaus Copernicus essay for 8th grade or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many people didnt like his books or ideas. They believed in a Geocentric universe and not on his heliocentric theory. They maybe have put him in Jail for writing his books if he hadnt die shortly after writing it in may 24,1543. The ideas of Nicolaus Copernicus were very important in the evolution of the field of astronomy. Galileo, and others were among the astronomers who sought to add to and improve upon his work. His work affected our lives and our way of thinking. He showed people that we dont live in a Geocentric universe!

World War I

World War I Ernist Junger explores various experiences he underwent during World War One in his book The Storm of Steel. Junger’s book, written in form of a personal memoir, highlights how thousands of individuals were affected by the horrors of World War One.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World War I specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When the Storm of Steel was published, it became a favorite in Germany since it adored the greatness of war and the huge sacrifices made by the Germany warriors to end the war victoriously. Junger believes he was lucky to participate in such a great war that will undoubtedly enter Germany’s history. Despite the fact that Junger’s book is very detailed, it is easy to follow since it is divided into chapters regarding various times spent at different locations during the war. Also, the language used in the book is not limited to those in the military, and hence, any reader who u nderstands English can easily read through the book. In addition, the book explores the extent to which soldiers disregard life while at war and the various approaches they use in adapting to the deadly environment. Though the book glorifies the greatness of World War One, it also covers some subtle anti-war elements (Junger, 1996). Accordingly, the book is in depth with several parts that are informative and interesting. For instance, Junger writes that he found so much pleasure when he adventured into war. This situation sounds unrealistic considering the consequences that war presents. In 1912, his father managed to retrieve him from the French Foreign Legion where he had joined voluntarily. However, Junger’s father failed to contain him when he voluntarily joined another war that started in 1914 believing that trench fights would glorify his true nature. Here, it is crucial to emphasize that it is unfamiliar for someone to volunteer into war. By the fact that Junger willi ngly volunteered himself, a sense of concern is developed. Apparently, Junger was sane when he made his decision. Besides, he believed that Germany soldiers had all the strength needed to win in that war. Even after he underwent the battle of Somme, Junger believed he needed to fight on alongside his friends who fought to death beside him (Junger, 1996).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This part of Junger’s book informs us of the determination that Germany soldiers had during World War One. Besides, it is so interesting and absurd at the same time that some soldiers like Junger fought on even after losing some of their friends to war. Moreover, the manner in which Junger interprets duty must have undoubtedly influenced him during the war. When he explains why he did not run away from war at terrifying times, he says that deep inside his soul there was some strange voice that kept on besieging him to stay, and that specific voice was the power of Duty and Honor. This can be interpreted that Germany soldiers were kept in the trenches of France and Flanders fighting because they were performing their duty. In fact, it was this duty that determined their relative performance in World War One, and relative performance was directly proportional to the honor that they were awarded. Another very informative part of Junger’s work regarding duty and honor is apparent when he writes on the urge to quit fighting. He asserts that leaving was not optional as it would have displayed him as a wretch and a coward. Since it was Junger’s priority to gain respect and honor, he persistently and patiently waited until the last day of war. However, the writer admits that the element of fulfilling duty needed a lot of sacrifice during the war. Junger goes ahead to inform us how far the Germany soldiers were willing to go in pursuit of performing their duty. Furthermore, it is interesting to learn the kind of language used by Germany soldiers during World War One. In fact, Junger constantly uses the words â€Å"fell† or â€Å"fallen† instead of â€Å"killed† and â€Å"dead.† This implies that the Germany soldiers respected those of them who died while fighting. Again, this language is believed to lessen the grief that death usually presents. For example, Junger calls death â€Å"glorious† when he writes about his friend who was departed by the fighting spirits and subsequently succumbed to a â€Å"glorious† death. He proceeds to write that â€Å"glorious† or â€Å"heroic† death in war is imminent and cannot be avoided by whatever means.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on World War I specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Here, the writer focuses on the do or die attitude soldiers hold once they are in the battle field. For the soldiers who survived in World War One, they witnessed the rebirth of a new country, but for those who fell, their names were held in glory.Throughout the book, Junger uses several of such passages and even sometimes talks of death without fanfare (Junger, 1996). In addition, Storm of Steel is so informative regarding the extent of patriotism the Germany Army had for their country during the war.It is not by surprise that Junger’s patriotism earned him the nationalist right besides attending the Nazi Party (Junger, 1996). Fittingly, it needed more than love of the nation and duty for the Germany soldiers to make the sacrifices they made during World War One. Factually, Junger’s argument regarding patriotism is very correct considering the fact that not all men in Germany volunteered to fight for their country. Therefore, it is credit for those soldiers who persevered through World War One. Junger proceeds to point out that men on either side of the battle went int o war because they put the interest of their countries first. He concludes by saying they fought and gave their lives for free to Germany unlike their enemies who fell for nothing. Indeed, the spirit of patriotism cannot go beyond what the Germany soldiers did for their country during World War One. Overall, Junger’s book presents mixed messages in the most informative manner regarding World War One. Similar to other soldiers who were involved in the war, Junger went into it aiming to adventure but quickly got disillusioned. The Germany soldiers did not give up the fight despite the great challenges that they met. Instead, they depended on the call of duty and honor coupled with the spirit of patriotism to come out of the war as heroes. This book is of great importance to different cadres of people especially historians since it supplies them with personal accounts of an individual who experienced the war in person. Also, most of the events that happened in World War One are illustrated systematically in an interesting manner. The Storm of Steel remains the most popular book because the writer adopts a clear and open way of expressing the experience of soldiers in No Man’s Land.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference List Junger, E. (1996). The Storm of Steel. New York: Howard Fertig.

U.S. Birth Rate Hits All-Time Low in 2016

U.S. Birth Rate Hits All-Time Low in 2016 In a trend that has some demographers worried, the birth rate in the United States dropped to its lowest level ever in 2016. Dropping by another full 1% from 2015, there were only 62 births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44. Overall, there were a total of 3,945,875 babies born in the United States during 2016. â€Å"This is the second year that the number of births has declined following an increase in 2014. Prior to that year, the number of births declined steadily from 2007 through 2013,† noted the CDC. According to an analysis issued by the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), birth rates in all age groups under age 30 fell to all-time record lows. Among women ages 20 to 24, the decline was 4%. Among women ages 25 to 29, the rate fell 2 percent.   Drop in Teenage Pregnancy Drives Trend In an analysis issued by the National Center for Health Statistics, researchers report that birth rates declined to record lows in all groups under age 30. Among women ages 20 to 24, the decline was 4 percent. For women 25 to 29, the rate fell 2 percent. Driving the trend, the fertility and birth  rate among teenagers and 20-somethings fell by 9% from 2015 to 2016, continuing a long-term decline of 67% since 1991. While they are often used interchangeably, the term â€Å"fertility rate† refers to the number of births per 1,000 women between the ages of 15 and 44 occurring in a particular year, while â€Å"birth  rate† refers to the fertility rates within particular age groups or specific demographic groups. Does This Mean the Total Population is Falling? The fact that the all-time low fertility and birth  rate puts the United States population below the â€Å"replacement level† - the balance point between births and deaths at which the population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next - does not mean that the total U.S. population is falling. The annual U.S. immigration rate of 13.5% in 2017 still more than compensates for the lower fertility rates. Indeed, while the birth  rate continued to fall consistently throughout the period from 1990 to 2017, the nation’s total population increased by over 74 million people, from 248,709,873 in 1990 to an estimated 323,148,586 in 2017. Potential Dangers of a Falling Birthrate  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite a growing total population, some demographers and social scientists worry that if the birth  rate continues to slide, the U.S. could face a â€Å"baby crisis† resulting in cultural and economic pathos. Far more than an indicator of societal trends, a nation’s birth  rate is one of the most significant gauges of its overall demographic health. If the fertility rate falls too far below the replacement level, there is a danger that the nation will lose the ability to replace its aging workforce, leaving it unable to generate the amount of tax revenue needed to keep the economy stable, maintain or grow the infrastructure, and become unable to provide essential government services. On the other side, if birth  rates get too high, overpopulation can strain the nation’s available resources such as housing, social services, and safe food and water.   Over the decades, countries like France and Japan, experiencing the negative effects of a low birth  rate have applied pro-family policies in attempts to encourage couples to have babies. However, in nations such as India, where fertility rates have fallen slightly over the last few decades, residual overpopulation still results in wide-spread starvation and abject poverty. US Birthrates Up Among Older Women The US birth  rate is not falling among all age groups. According to the CDC’s findings, the fertility rate for women ages 30 to 34 rose by 1% over the 2015 rate, and the rate for women ages 35 to 39 went up by 2%, the highest rate in that age group since 1962. The birth  rate among older women ages 40 to 44 also increased, up 4% over 2015. In addition, the fertility rate for women ages 45 to 49 increased to 0.9 births per thousand from 0.8 in 2015. Other Details of US Birthrates in 2016 Unmarried Women: Among unmarried women, the birth rate fell to 42.1 births per 1,000 women, down from 43.5 per 1,000 in 2015. Falling for the eighth consecutive year, the birthrate for unmarried women has now dropped by over 3% since reaching its peak in 2007 and 2008. By race, 28.4% of white babies, 52.5% of Hispanics, and 69.7% of black babies were born to unmarried parents in 2016. Preterm Birthrate: Describing babies born before 37 weeks of gestation, the preterm birth rate increased for the second consecutive year to 9.84% per 1,000 women from 9.63% per 1,000 women in 2015.  This slight increase in preterm births came after a decline of 8% from 2007 to 2014. The highest rate of preterm birth was among non-Hispanic blacks, at 13.75% per 1,000 women, while the lowest was among Asians, at 8.63% per 1,000 women. Use of Tobacco by Mother: For the first time, the CDC reported data on mothers’ use of tobacco during pregnancy. Of the women who gave birth in 2016, 7.2% reported smoking tobacco at some point while pregnant. Tobacco use was the most common earlier in pregnancy - 7.0% of women smoked in their first trimester, 6.0% in their second, and 5.7% in their third. Of the 9.4% of women who reported smoking in the 3 months prior to becoming pregnant, 25.0% quit smoking before pregnancy.

Managing a daily teaching schedule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managing a daily teaching schedule - Essay Example By using different color files it will be easier to arrange the matter and also take out the matter whenever required. All things will be stored systematically in the relevant subject folder to refer to it whenever required. The worksheets for any one subject may not get mixed up with another. Also the notes for one may not mingle with the other ones. The memo, test, and quizzes all can have different color paper clips as well with the markings. This way to refer to quizzes or tests for any subject can be easy. 3. Use the computer database as the filing system. List out the entire subject and other things related to teaching subjects in the database of the computer such as marks, attendance of students and other such tasks. This would make it easy to record the data of the students and also make the changes easily wherever required. Also the lesson plan can be modified for future and notes can be made on the system of which tasks need to be done at a priority level. This paper free work will reduce the hassle of maintaining records on paper. Also at times some changes are required in the records of some students on requests and approved applications. These changes can be made easily on the computer

Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writing - Essay Example Not that she was interested, she always told herself, but it felt nice that even the chubby seventeen-year-old Roger was all calf-eyed around her. Brian was the tall, wiry sort with a passion for rock-climbing and biking. After a whole day spent rafting on the river, he was leading the pack on to what he called a little jaunt on the rocks. Lisa had always been afraid of heights, but never let on in front of Brian or the others. The group of reckless youngsters kept climbing, and she followed. Brian was way ahead of her, exhorting the group to keep going. "Come on, you all, we haven't got all day!" she heard him say. Lisa could hear the river gurgling below, and the hill seemed somehow empty of air. She kept going, until suddenly the root she had gripped with her left hand slithered out of the loose earth like a clumsy snake, with nothing else around to grasp, only sheer, smooth, rock. She was hanging on to the trunk of a sapling with her right hand. When Lisa glanced down, she realized that in climbing up a short incline of a few feet, she was actually hanging above a gorge a few hundred feet deep with her feet on loose rock. She choked, and the sound made Roger, w... Lisa could hear the river gurgling below, and the hill seemed somehow empty of air. She kept going, until suddenly the root she had gripped with her left hand slithered out of the loose earth like a clumsy snake, with nothing else around to grasp, only sheer, smooth, rock. She was hanging on to the trunk of a sapling with her right hand. When Lisa glanced down, she realized that in climbing up a short incline of a few feet, she was actually hanging above a gorge a few hundred feet deep with her feet on loose rock. She choked, and the sound made Roger, who was puffing ahead of her, look down. "Hold on', he said, "I will come fetch you". Lisa could barely breathe, her ears ringing, and she merely nodded her head. Her muscles screaming under the strain, she held on, not daring to move an inch. She wanted to cry out for Brian, but he was nowhere in sight. Roger was calm, all reassurance: "Give me your hand, don't worry, I won't let you go". Fear squeezing her heart, she put her left hand in his and with a wrench let go of the sapling and gave him her right hand as well. She felt a sharp, half decaying tang of mortality in her breath, and then Roger had pulled her up. "Are you alright" offered Roger, and she nodded, drawing in long shaking breaths, "Thanks, I'm alright now.. thanks to you." As she sat ona rock on that sun-dappled afternoon, she did not feel quite so invincible, and realized that this is perhaps why the human race is given fear, pain and death. She thought of that intense, spontaneous burst of prayer that issued from her soul as she let go of her grip on the hill, a prayer of surrender into hands more powerful than her own, than Roger's, more powerful even than those of even the strongest man on earth. It

A Personal Take on the Debate Between Rationalism and Empiricism.Doc Essay Example for Free

A Personal Take on the Debate Between Rationalism and Empiricism.Doc Essay The study of knowledge, or epistemology, contains theoretical methods by which information is learned. Of these methods, two are most widely accepted. These two methods, rationalism and empiricism, are also the most widely debated methods of knowledge acquisition. Rationalism claims that knowledge is gained by a priori processes and intuition. Rationalism claims that knowledge is innate; however the level of innate knowledge contained by humans varies amongst rationalists. At the other end of the spectrum, empiricism claims that knowledge is gained largely by experience, observation, and sensory perception. These views pose a striking contrast and controversy within the theory of knowledge. Which view is correct, or is there even a correct view? As rationalism and empiricism are studied and compared, it becomes evident that empiricism is the more correct theory of the acquisition of knowledge. However, in order to believe so, there must be a differentiation between knowledge and behavior. According to the empirical scientific process, bodily behavior and function is rationalist. That is, it occurs without humans first learning how to breathe and pump blood with their heart. Knowledge however, refers to The British philosopher John Locke is credited with formulating the complete modern doctrine of empiricism. Locke proposed that, upon entrance into the world, the mind is a white paper upon which experiences leave their marks. According to Locke in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding the predominant sources of ideas and knowledge are sensation and reflection. It seems that after receiving knowledge empirically, the human mind resorts to reflecting on the information. This reflection could ultimately lead to the internalization of knowledge, therefore making it seem innate upon recall of the information. Scottish philosopher David Humes thoughts and theories regarding empiricism are the basis of what is understood as empiricism today. Humes studies on empiricism took empiricist ideas to a whole new level. Hume divided all of knowledge into two categories: relations of ideas and matters of fact. Relations of ideas encompass logical propositions such as mathematics and geometry, while matters of fact are pieces of knowledge dependent on observation. Hume goes even further in saying that ideas, commonly understood as arising from human intuition (rationalism), are empiricist. According to Hume, ideas are merely remembrances of impressions or sensations gained by experience and observation. Humes ideas here are not unreasonable. While ideas can be new or innovative they generally do build upon the knowledge already possessed by experience. For example, the iPod was a new idea; however the idea itself was a remembrance of previous portable music devices such as the Walkman or Discman. In effect, Hume seems to be saying that new ideas are simply improvements made to existing ideas gained through impressions and sensations. While rationalism and empiricism are generally recognized as opposing views, it is important to remember that they are not mutually exclusive when understood in a general sense. However, when a philosopher is looking for the fundamental source of all knowledge, then one view must be discarded in favor of another. By separating human knowledge from human body function, it is reasonable to conclude that all human knowledge and ideas are gained empirically and through experience.

The Lovable Mrs. Bennet of Pride and Prejudice Essay -- Pride and Preju

The Lovable Mrs. Bennet of Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   The general impression of Austen's novels, which critic D. W. Harding says relieved him of any desire to read them, is that they offer readers a humorous refuge from an uncertain world.   In his article "'Regulated Hatred': An Aspect in the Work of Jane Austen," Harding claims that this impression is misleading and that Jane Austen is actually very critical of her society, covertly expressing downright hatred for certain members of it by means of caricature.   Mrs. Bennet, from Austen's Pride and Prejudice, is one of these "comic monster[s]".   Harding claims that in order to view Mrs. Bennet as anything other than utterly detested by Austen one must ignore this Austen's summary of her at the end of Chapter One: "She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and an uncertain temper."1   Actually, Austen's Mrs. Bennet is much more complex than Harding acknowledges.   Austen's initial summary notwithstanding, Pride and Prejudice even loo ks at Mrs. Bennet forgivingly.   Her behavior is often provoked by her environment: both her society and her family.   Because she helps, or tries to help, her family, Mrs. Bennet's ludicrous actions can even be seen as lovable.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mrs. Bennet's society and family condemn her to a series of conventional roles.   Mrs. Bennet snags a husband by playing the role of the good-humored, pretty young woman.   Mr. Bennet also believes that good looks will make a good wife, and he marries her.   However, once she and Mr. Bennet take off their courting masks and Mr. Bennet discovers her "weak understanding and illiberal mind, [which] had very early in their marriage put an end to all real affection for her" (155),... ...Mrs. Bennet in a critical and funny, but understanding way, Austen becomes the satirist that Harding claims she is not.   As a satirist, Austen helps us to deal with the Mrs. Bennets in our world.   While exposing their weaknesses, we can forgive them and even try to help them.   We can also, by understanding how a Mrs. Bennet comes to act like Mrs. Bennet, keep our sisters and ourselves from becoming like her.                   Notes    1. D. W. Harding, "'Regulating Hatred': An Aspect in the Work of Jane Austen," in Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, ed. Donald Gray (New York and London: Norton, 2001), 297-298.    2. All references to Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice are from the Norton Critical 3rd edition, ed. Donald Gray (New York and London: Norton, 2001).    3. Harding, 297.    4. Harding, 297.      

The Price of Indebtedness in May-Lee Chai’s Saving Sourdi

Whether stabbing a man with a paring knife or getting a friend to punch her sister's husband in the face, Nea always manages to start trouble for her and her sister, Sourdi. She doesn't do it on purpose, it's just that Nea will do anything to protect her older sister. The issue stems from when the family lived in their native Cambodia; Nea was only four and Sourdi carried her across a minefield on her back. Ever since that moment, Nea has felt indebted to her older sister and has been determined to protect her at all costs. However, the costs seem to be high as her identity has become tied to this notion of debt. In May-Lee Chai's â€Å"Saving Sourdi,† Nea's identity is shaped by her feeling of indebtedness to her sister Sourdi, which compromises her ability to grow and objectively see the world. The cause behind the story's central conflict lies in Nea's devotion to Sourdi, which in turn was caused by a distant memory. â€Å"Once upon a time†, Nea recalls, â€Å"Sourdi had walked across a minefield, carrying me on her back† (Chai 140). With the terrible war background on the Khmer Rouge-era in Cambodia as an exposition, Nea recalls her sister Sourdi carrying her across a field by stepping on countless dead bodies to avoid the mines. This is something that Nea views as secret between just her and her sister, one she will never reveal to another soul. It is because of this single incident that Nea vows to â€Å"walk on bones† and â€Å"rotting flesh† to â€Å"save Sourdi,† which itself foreshadows events to come (Chai 140). It is this event that defines Nea and motivates her actions throughout the story. It is because Nea's identity is derived from this debt to her older sister that causes Nea to respond in such a haphazard manner. Not only do her responses create tension in the story, but they further develop Nea as a character. I would walk on bones for my sister, I vowed. I would put my bare feet on rotting flesh. I would save Sourdi†(Chai 140). These words were spoken by Nea after Sourdi sacrificed herself to carry Nea through a treacherous mine field reeking with the stench of dead bodies. Only a few people in the story know about this incident it is a highly guarded secret of Nea's. This single incident defines Nea's identity through out the story, which clarifies Nea as a static character her identity never changes. From the time when these two young girls reached America Nea always has Sourdi's back, she is overly protective like that of an older sister which is ironic because she is the youngest daughter. Nea will always feel like her life was saved by Sourdi so she will do anything to repay her. Sourdi develops throughout the novel at first by being very brave, strong, and independent as she carriers her baby sister across of the mine field. It is almost as if that identity transferred from her to her younger sister Nea. Sourdi does not speak up for herself when she disagrees with her mother or Duke. She does not even try to put up a fight when her mother arranges her marriage. This classifies Sourdi as a very dyanmic character or round character. As a result of this, Nea has never really lived her life for herself. Everything that she has done and the decisions that she makes are based upon the events that occur in Sourdi's life. This in turn leads to Nea's inability to grow, because she is constantly caring and looking after her sister, instead of worrying about herself and moving on with her own life. Because of these events Sourdi can be labeled as the foil to Nea's charater in this story. Just like the examples that were given earlier, when Nea jumped up and stabbed the man that was hassling Sourdi at the restaurant, or when she and Duke went knocking on Sourdi's door because they thought she was in trouble, all of the actions that Nea took were always a reflection of the situation that Sourdi was in at that present moment. One of the major effects of Nea's identity being tied to her indebtedness to her sister is that it clouds her ability to be objective. This leads her to make spur-of-the-moment decisions that may not be in her or Sourdi's best intertest. One example took place in the family restaurant at the beginning of the story. Sourdi was serving some old drunk men when one decided to put his arms around her. This immediately sent Nea into a blind rage in which she â€Å"ran into the kitchen†, â€Å"grabbed the knife†, and â€Å"stabbed the man† (Chai 131). Luckily, the knife she had grabbed was only a paring knife and it got caught in the man's sleeve of his jacket. Obviously, the girls' mother became quite upset and apologized to the men while scolding Nea. Nea, overcome with anger, had not stopped to consider the consequences of her actions. Had she actually injured the man, he could have sued the restaurant and Nea could have faced criminal charges. Obviously, this was not the best way to handle the incident. This is again illustrated when Nea overhears a conversation between Sourdi and her mother. She becomes convinced that Sourdi's new husband is abusive and convinces their mutual friend Duke to drive her to Sourdi's house in Des Moines. Upon their arrival, Duke, having only heard Nea's interpretation of events, ran inside and â€Å"punched Sourdi's husband in the nose† (Chai 142). Sourdi's husband was surprisingly understanding about the matter and another disaster was narrowly avoided. However, the event still must have had a profound effect on Sourdi and her husband's home life. Again, it was Nea's impetuous attitude and blind calling to protect her sister that led to the encounter. Ever since Sourdi carried Nea through that minefield on her back, Nea has been trying to find a way to repay her sister's kindness. However, as the years have passed, the protection of Sourdi has become a compulsion. She is consumed with her desire to protect her sister from harm without regard for the consequences. This has clouded Nea's judgement and hindered her ability to objectively look at a situation. And, consequentially, her â€Å"solution† often causes more harm than the percieved threat she is fighting. Unless Nea can somehow overcome her need to protect her sister, she will never be able to live a normal and happy life. Maybe Sourdi is not the one who needs saving.

High School Credits and Graduation Requirements

Noemi Robles English 101 Arguing a Position Rough Draft High School Credits and Graduation Requirements â€Å"In 1997, Chicago raised its graduation standards to well above what Illinois then requires, asking all students to complete all of the courses necessary for entry to competitive state universities†(1). Many people believed that this may cause many students to drop out, but in reality, the graduation rates improved. Now, we are currently facing a nationwide dilemma. Many high schools are cutting graduation requirements and taking away classes that are important to both the students and teachers.I propose that every high school nationwide should have at least seven courses to take and that every student will graduate with a minimum of twenty-six credits. The most credits a student can obtain is twenty-eight which will be applied in the system. Some schools such as a high school in Santa Ana, California have their students graduate with at least two-hundred and forty cred its essay writer reviews. In 2009, the district wanted to reduce the credits to two-hundred and twenty so more students will graduate. â€Å"By lowering them its just like saying we don't want to put our students to their full potential†(2).Although two-hundred and forty seems like a lot, a course is worth a lot of credits as well which averages out neatly. It would be easier to have every school change the number to twenty-eight and twenty-six so there isn't any confusion. The state of Texas already has this standard and in the past, the graduation requirements have changed many times. Reducing graduation credits will not make things easier for students, but it will affect their performance when they are preparing for college.This issue should be addressed to everyone so every generation can prepare for their futures and be successful. Many schools want to lower their graduation requirements so more students will finish school and so others won't have the urge to dropout. An other reason why lowering these requirements could benefit us is because it will cost less money if some courses are taken out which means fewer teachers as well. â€Å"Twenty-five percent of all students, nearly forty-percent of Black and Hispanic kids fail to graduate†(3).This could also help schools raise their attendance and raise the graduation rates. Since many believe that lowering the graduation requirements is a good thing, they don't realize how much it could actually affect the students who are taking fewer courses. The reason we have schools is to prepare us for college and to prepare for adulthood. Schools benefit us mentally, physically, and emotionally. We learn to interact with others, we learn about ourselves, and we learn different materials to help us understand the way things work and why we do them.Lowering the amount of credits needed to graduate isn't going to make us smarter or help us prepare for our futures. There are many hardworking students who wa nt to learn and taking away a few courses can affect many especially if it was a course students wanted to take. One disadvantage of lowering the graduation requirements is not being prepared for college and it could be harder to be accepted into a good college or university. â€Å"According to a recent national survey, an overwhelming eighty-one percent of high school students expect to attend college†(4).Now a high school diploma isn't enough to find a good job and live on your own. A college graduate will have a better chance of obtaining that job which will make finding a job a lot more difficult, which is the second disadvantage. Students need those extra classes that are being taken away to prepare them for college. â€Å"Because too many students are not learning the basic skills needed to succeed in college or work while they are in high school, the nation loses more than $3. 7 billion a year†(4). A higher education can help lead to a rewarding career and a hap pier life.Students attending any high school should have many opportunities to succeed therefore we shouldn't even consider taking away any courses or lowering the amount of credits needed to graduation. Another reason why we shouldn't lower the credits, is because many classes that students want to take as an elective may not be in the curriculum therefore, they won't have the opportunity to learn something they were looking forward to. Although there should be a number of required courses students should take, electives help students feel more excited to attend school and that elective could be something that they want to study in the future.Some AP courses may also be taken away if they were to lower the graduation requirements. Lastly, lowering the requirements will cause students to slack off in school because they will find it easier to graduate especially incoming freshmen who don't fully understand the importance the first year of high school, and can influence colleges and universities to decline their admission. â€Å"Another high school in Scott County in Kentucky realized that they needed to make reforms after analyzing statistics that showed that forty-five percent of their incoming freshmen were likely to fail at least one ninth-grade class†(5).Students should be inspired to achieve and if we lower their credits they won't have the opportunity to go as far as they are willing to go. Most public high schools in California get their money to pay for teachers and programs through the state. The state pays for schools through revenue, funds, and grants. The money comes directly from 21. 8% state revenue, 38. 4% state general purpose revenue, 1. 6% state lottery revenue, 9. 2% federal, 21. 4% local property taxes and fees, and 7. 6% from other local revenue.The funds that are used are unrestricted funds which can be used for any purposes and earmarked funds which can be used for specific purposes. The grants that are given to schools consist of the base grant (funding for ordinary classroom operations), special education grant (additional flexibility in the use of special education funds), opportunity to learn grant (funding for compensatory instructional services for disadvantage students), instructional improvement grant (funding for staff development and instructional services such as arts and technology programs), and charities (6).Money shouldn't be a big issue because schools can receive money in many ways. â€Å"Morton High School District 201 officials have cut the number of credits students need to graduate and lengthened class periods in what the board president calls ‘the most effective and practical way to save the district money'†(7). Even though they are lengthening the school day, the graduation requirements have dropped which means students will be taking less classes then before.Since money seems to be the biggest issue, schools should encourage students to improve their attendance and get be tter grades because the school can receive more money from that. This obstacle can be solved with just a little hard work and dedication. â€Å"Most children who attend public and private schools in the U. S. Spend between 175 to 185 days in the classroom a year and enjoy a summer break between the months of June and September. The average length of the school day is six hours. U. S.Students spend approximately 30% less time in school than students in other industrialized nations, putting them at a disadvantage as they compete in the global arena†(8). This is extremely important because we as a nation constantly want to become the best but yet the next generation is having a hard time competing in ‘the global arena' because America isn't providing longer school days and more classes for our students. High school shouldn't be as long as six hours because many students work and others are in extra-curricular activities.Students need that gap in order to complete any assig nments and to get enough sleep for the next day. Summer vacation is also a benefit to students because students can relax, be with family, and do many other activities that they wouldn't be able to do if they were attending school. We believe that schools should not be lengthened but in order to prevent students from forgetting what they learned before school ends, they should complete some summer work, especially for math. AP courses give summer work to prepare students, but the work they receive will not be as much, so students won't become stressed.Students will still be able to enjoy their long break from school but have the opportunity to learn as well. If we lowered our graduation rates, there would be less high school dropouts, less classes being failed, more high school graduates, and school districts will be able to save more money if they cut classes that they thought weren't important. If the requirements were made easier for students, they may be inspired to try more cha llenging courses as well. Although there are several key points to the opposing argument, students can still be challenged by having more courses to choose from.If the requirements are higher to graduate, they will try harder to achieve and students who enjoy participating in sports will be motivated to achieve because they have to be passing a certain amount of classes to be eligible. Overall, keeping the credits to at least twenty-six can benefit students in many ways. We should support students to try their best and to achieve their goals. Bibliography 1. Will Raising High School Graduation Requirements Cause More Students To Drop Out?. 25 March 2013. ;http://www. achieve. org/files/ImproveGradRates. pdf;. 2.Barboza, Tony. â€Å"Santa Ana seeks to ease high school graduation requirement. † Los Angeles Times. 08 Feb. 2009:1-2. 27 March 2013. ;http://articles. latimes. com/2009/feb/08/local;. 3. Downey, Maureen. 26 March 2013. ;http://blogs. ajc. com/get-schooled-blog/2010/0 6/02;. 4. Paying Double: Inadequate High Schools and Community College Remediation. 27 March 2013. ;http://www. allyed. org/files/archive;. 5. McCallumore, Kyle M. , and Ervin F. Sparapani. â€Å"The importance of the ninth grade on high school graduation rates and student success in high school. Gale Student Resources in Context. Web. 29 March 2013. 6. How California Schools Get Their Money. 29 March 2013. ;http://www. cbp. org/pdfs;. 7. Ruzich, Joseph. â€Å"Morton High Schools Cut Graduation Requirements to Save Money. † Chicago Tribune. 10 June 2010. Web. 28 March 2013. ;http://articles. chicagotribune. com/2010-06- 10/news/ct-met-0611-morton-bells-20100610_1_president-jeffry-pesek-number-of-credits;. 8. ProQuest Staff. â€Å"At Issue: School Schedule. † ProQuest LLC. 2012: n. pag. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 29 March 2013.

Free Essays on Parking

Have you ever got to work, only to find out that you can’t punch in for another half hour? That’s exactly what hundreds of employees at Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak go through each day. Trying to fit the cars of 7,000 employees into one parking lot sounds pretty tough on its own, but if you add any patients or visitors that decide to park there, it is nothing short of impossible. I work at Beaumont hospital, which is one of the busiest hospitals in the Metro Detroit area. There are thousands of employees that work there, but only one lot on campus for them to park their cars in. There are three off-site lots where employees can park and take a shuttle in to work. This, however, is extremely inconvenient and time consuming. You have to drive about five or ten minutes away from the hospital, wait until the bus arrives, and another 10 minutes is wasted on the bus ride there. Once you finally get there, you have to walk from the shuttle drop off point to your area of the hospital. By the time you finally punch in, it is about a half hour later than the time you would have gotten there had you been able to park in the parking lot at the hospital. Many employees come in to work and find that the on-campus parking lot is full. A number of them proceed to the visitor parking lot and try to sneak in. They are then greeted by a parking employee, whose job it is to tell them to hit the road. This frustrates them because if a patient or visitor decides to park in the closer employee lot, they are not given a hassle about it. In a place that doesn’t even have room for its own employees, how can they justify taking even more spots away for those who have a lot designated for them. If they have an area to park in, they should use it. Luckily I start work at 6:00 am and the lot is virtually empty when I get there, so I am not effected by this problem, but I used to come in a few hours later, so I know what it is like. ... Free Essays on Parking Free Essays on Parking Have you ever got to work, only to find out that you can’t punch in for another half hour? That’s exactly what hundreds of employees at Beaumont Hospital in Royal Oak go through each day. Trying to fit the cars of 7,000 employees into one parking lot sounds pretty tough on its own, but if you add any patients or visitors that decide to park there, it is nothing short of impossible. I work at Beaumont hospital, which is one of the busiest hospitals in the Metro Detroit area. There are thousands of employees that work there, but only one lot on campus for them to park their cars in. There are three off-site lots where employees can park and take a shuttle in to work. This, however, is extremely inconvenient and time consuming. You have to drive about five or ten minutes away from the hospital, wait until the bus arrives, and another 10 minutes is wasted on the bus ride there. Once you finally get there, you have to walk from the shuttle drop off point to your area of the hospital. By the time you finally punch in, it is about a half hour later than the time you would have gotten there had you been able to park in the parking lot at the hospital. Many employees come in to work and find that the on-campus parking lot is full. A number of them proceed to the visitor parking lot and try to sneak in. They are then greeted by a parking employee, whose job it is to tell them to hit the road. This frustrates them because if a patient or visitor decides to park in the closer employee lot, they are not given a hassle about it. In a place that doesn’t even have room for its own employees, how can they justify taking even more spots away for those who have a lot designated for them. If they have an area to park in, they should use it. Luckily I start work at 6:00 am and the lot is virtually empty when I get there, so I am not effected by this problem, but I used to come in a few hours later, so I know what it is like. ...

How to Say And in Mandarin

How to Say And in Mandarin Some English words have several possible Mandarin Chinese translations. Knowing when to use the correct word is one of the main challenges for both beginner-level Mandarin students and professional translators alike. For example, the English word for can has at least three possible Mandarin translations: èÆ' ½ (nà ©ng), Ã¥  ¯Ã¤ » ¥ (kÄ› yÇ ), and ä ¼Å¡ (huà ¬). Another English word with multiple translations is â€Å"and.† You may think that there can be no possible variations for and, but there are many different meanings for this word. It depends on the subtle nuances of the speaker or writers meaning or the context in which this conjunction is used. Joining Nouns In sentences that combine nouns or noun phrases, there are three ways to say and. All three of these connectors are interchangeable and commonly used. They are: Hà ©Ã¢    : å’Å'Hn⠁   : å’Å'GÄ“n⠁   : è ·Å¸ Note that hà © and hn use the same character. The hn pronunciation is most commonly heard in Taiwan. The example sentences are given first in English, followed by a transliteration in Chinese called  pinyin,  a Romanization system used to help beginners learn Mandarin. Pinyan  transcribes the sounds of Mandarin using the Roman  alphabet. Pinyin is most commonly used in Mainland China for teaching school children to read and it is also widely used in teaching materials designed for Westerners who wish to learn Mandarin.  The sentences are then listed in Chinese characters in traditional and simplified forms where appropriate. He and I are colleagues.WÇ’ hn tÄ  shà ¬ tà ³ngshà ¬.我å’Å'ä »â€"æ˜ ¯Ã¥ Å'ä ºâ€¹ Both pineapple and mango are good to eat.Fà ¨nglà ­ hà © mngguÇ’ dÃ… u hÄ›n hÇŽo chÄ «.(traditional form) é ³ ³Ã¦ ¢ ¨Ã¥â€™Å'芒æžÅ"éÆ' ½Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ Æ'(simplified form) å‡ ¤Ã¦ ¢ ¨Ã¥â€™Å'芒æžÅ"éÆ' ½Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥ Æ' She and mom went for a walk.TÄ  gÄ“n mÄ ma qà ¹ gung jiÄ“.Ã¥ ¥ ¹Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¥ ª ½Ã¥ ª ½Ã¥Å½ »Ã©â‚¬â€ºÃ¨ ¡â€"Ã¥ ¥ ¹Ã¨ ·Å¸Ã¥ ¦Ë†Ã¥ ¦Ë†Ã¥Å½ »Ã©â‚¬â€ºÃ¨ ¡â€" This pair of shoes and that pair of shoes are the same price.Zhà ¨ shuÄ ng xià © gÄ“n n shuÄ ng xià © jiqian yà ­yng.這雙鞋è ·Å¸Ã©â€š £Ã©â€ºâ„¢Ã©Å¾â€¹Ã¥Æ' ¹Ã©Å' ¢Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¦ ¨ £Ã¨ ¿â„¢Ã¥ Å'éž‹è ·Å¸Ã©â€š £Ã¥ Å'éž‹ä » ·Ã©â€™ ±Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¦   · Joining Verbs The Mandarin Chinese character ä ¹Å¸ (yÄ›) is used to join verbs or verb phrases. It translates as either â€Å"and† or â€Å"also.† I like to watch movies and listen to music.WÇ’ xÇ huan kn dinyÇ ng yÄ› xÇ huan tÄ «ng yÄ «nyuà ¨.我åâ€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã§Å"‹é› »Ã¥ ½ ±Ã¤ ¹Å¸Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã¨  ½Ã©Å¸ ³Ã¦ ¨â€šÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢Ã§Å"‹ç” µÃ¥ ½ ±Ã¤ ¹Å¸Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢Ã¥  ¬Ã©Å¸ ³Ã¤ ¹  He doesn’t like to go for walks and he doesn’t like to exercise.TÄ  bà ¹ xÇ huan gung jiÄ“ yÄ› bà ¹ xÇ huan yà ¹ndà ²ng.ä »â€"ä ¸ Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã©â‚¬â€ºÃ¨ ¡â€"ä ¹Å¸Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥â€"Å"æ ­ ¡Ã© â€¹Ã¥â€¹â€¢Ã¤ »â€"ä ¸ Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢Ã©â‚¬â€ºÃ¨ ¡â€"ä ¹Å¸Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥â€"Å"æ ¬ ¢Ã¨ ¿ Ã¥Å  ¨ Other Transition Words There are a few Mandarin Chinese words that can be translated as â€Å"and,† but which more accurately mean â€Å"furthermore, â€Å"moreover,† or other such transition words. These words are sometimes used to show a cause-and-effect relationship between the two phrases. Chinese transition words include: Ér qiÄ› - è€Å'ä ¸â€: additionally  Bà ¬ng qiÄ› - ä ¸ ¦Ã¤ ¸â€ (traditional) / Ã¥ ¹ ¶Ã¤ ¸â€ (simplified): and; moreoverRn hà ²u - ç„ ¶Ã¥ ¾Å' / ç„ ¶Ã¥ Å½: and thenYÇ  hà ²u - ä » ¥Ã¥ ¾Å' / ä » ¥Ã¥ Å½: and afterHi yÇ’u -  Ã©â€šâ€žÃ¦Å"‰ / è ¿ËœÃ¦Å"‰: even more; on top of thatCÇ  wi -  Ã¦ ­ ¤Ã¥ ¤â€": furthermore Ér qiÄ› è€Å'ä ¸â€ additionally Bà ¬ng qiÄ› ä ¸ ¦Ã¤ ¸â€ (traditional)Ã¥ ¹ ¶Ã¤ ¸â€ (simplified) andmoreover Rn hà ²u ç„ ¶Ã¥ ¾Å'ç„ ¶Ã¥ Å½ and then YÇ  hà ²u ä » ¥Ã¥ ¾Å'ä » ¥Ã¥ Å½ and after Hi yÇ’u é‚„æÅ"‰è ¿ËœÃ¦Å"‰ even moreon top of that CÇ  wi æ ­ ¤Ã¥ ¤â€" furthermore Sentence Examples of Transition Words As noted, the particular form of and that you use in Mandarin Chinese depends heavily on the context and meaning of the word. It can be helpful, therefore, to peruse some example sentences to see how the different forms of and are used in various contexts. This is a very good movie and (moreover) the music is very nice.Zhà ¨ bà ¹ dinyÇ ng hÄ›nhÇŽokn à ©rqiÄ› yÄ «nyuà ¨ hÄ›nhÇŽo tÄ «ng.這éÆ' ¨Ã©â€º »Ã¥ ½ ±Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å"‹è€Å'ä ¸â€Ã©Å¸ ³Ã¦ ¨â€šÃ¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¨  ½Ã¨ ¿â„¢Ã©Æ' ¨Ã§â€ µÃ¥ ½ ±Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã§Å"‹è€Å'ä ¸â€Ã©Å¸ ³Ã¤ ¹ Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¥  ¬ This knapsack is very practical and (furthermore) the price is reasonable.Zhà ¨gà ¨ fngshuÇ  bÄ“ibÄ o hÄ›n shà ­yà ²ng bà ¬ngqiÄ› jigà © hà ©lÇ .這個é˜ ²Ã¦ ° ´Ã¨Æ'Å'Ã¥Å'…å ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¯ ¦Ã§â€ ¨Ã¤ ¸ ¦Ã¤ ¸â€Ã¥Æ' ¹Ã¦   ¼Ã¥ Ë†Ã§ â€ Ã¨ ¿â„¢Ã¤ ¸ ªÃ©Ëœ ²Ã¦ ° ´Ã¨Æ'Å'Ã¥Å'…å ¾Ë†Ã¥ ®Å¾Ã§â€ ¨Ã¥ ¹ ¶Ã¤ ¸â€Ã¤ » ·Ã¦   ¼Ã¥ Ë†Ã§ â€  We can first go have dinner and then see a movie.WÇ’men xiÄ n qà ¹ chÄ « wÇŽncÄ n rnhà ²u zi qà ¹ kn dinyÇ ng.我們先åŽ »Ã¥ Æ'晚é ¤ Ã§â€ž ¶Ã¥ ¾Å'å† Ã¥Å½ »Ã§Å"‹é› »Ã¥ ½ ±Ã¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ » ¬Ã¥â€¦Ë†Ã¥Å½ »Ã¥ Æ'晚é ¤ Ã§â€ž ¶Ã¥ Å½Ã¥â€  Ã¥Å½ »Ã§Å"‹ç” µÃ¥ ½ ± Eat dinner, and then you can eat dessert.ChÄ « wn wÇŽncÄ n yÇ hà ²u jià ¹ nà ©ng chÄ « tin diÇŽn.Ã¥ Æ'Ã¥ ®Å'晚é ¤ Ã¤ » ¥Ã¥ ¾Å'Ã¥ ° ±Ã¨Æ' ½Ã¥ Æ'ç”Å"é »Å¾Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥ Æ'Ã¥ ®Å'晚é ¤ Ã¤ » ¥Ã¥ Å½Ã¥ ° ±Ã¨Æ' ½Ã¥ Æ'ç”Å"ç‚ ¹Ã£â‚¬â€š Im cold because I didnt wear enough clothes, and on top of that its snowing now.WÇ’ lÄ›ng yÄ «nwà ¨i wÇ’ chuÄ n bà ¹gà ²u yÄ «fà º, hi yÇ’u xinzi xi xuÄ›le.我å† ·Ã¥â€º  Ã§â€š ºÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã§ © ¿Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¤  Ã¨ ¡ £Ã¦Å" Ã©â€šâ€žÃ¦Å"‰ç  ¾Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ªÃ¤ ºâ€ Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥â€  ·Ã¥â€º  Ã¤ ¸ ºÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã§ © ¿Ã¤ ¸ Ã¥ ¤Å¸Ã¨ ¡ £Ã¦Å" Ã¨ ¿ËœÃ¦Å"‰çŽ °Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ªÃ¤ ºâ€ Ã£â‚¬â€š Lets quickly go see the cherry blossoms. The weather is nice today, furthermore it will rain tomorrow.WÇ’men kui qà ¹ kn yÄ «nghuÄ . TiÄ nqà ¬ hÄ›n hÇŽo, cÇ wi mà ­ngtiÄ n huà ¬ xi yÇ”.我們å ¿ «Ã¥Å½ »Ã§Å"‹æ « »Ã¨Å  ±Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ ° £Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¦ ­ ¤Ã¥ ¤â€"明å ¤ ©Ã¦Å"Æ'ä ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ¨Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã¤ » ¬Ã¥ ¿ «Ã¥Å½ »Ã§Å"‹æ ¨ ±Ã¨Å  ±Ã£â‚¬â€š Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã¦ °â€Ã¥ ¾Ë†Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã¦ ­ ¤Ã¥ ¤â€"明å ¤ ©Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã©â€º ¨Ã£â‚¬â€š

Why Youth Unemployment Is a Particularly Serious Issue for Many Essay

Why Youth Unemployment Is a Particularly Serious Issue for Many Countries of the World - Essay Example The paper tells that youth in different countries in the world experience acute problems because of the experiences of unemployment with many of them lacking opportunities regardless of the fact that they have the capacity to work. This issue continues to trouble many countries regardless of the efforts they have put in place to alleviate the problems and establish youths in productive states that ensure they are productive in the economy. One of the countries that have experienced this kind of problem is Brazil in which many youths are jobless regardless of the steps they have taken towards ending the problem. The problem has perpetuated increase in the rate of poverty in the country with those people who have no jobs staying inactive and depending on the other people who are working. This has increased poverty levels because people have not been productive in the economy and have depended on the productivity of a few people in the society. In the economy, youth unemployment has con tributed to future constraints that come from the issues of little earning of the youths who never get jobs in their youthful age. This means that people in the economy have ended up producing little amounts of money that may not be able to facilitate capacity building in other people who rely on them. For example, when people get little income in the advanced age, they end up not offering quality education to their dependents who need the support to advance their lives. This means that unemployment becomes a series of complications that lead to low-quality chances of building capacity in other people. At the end of everything, the economy will have very many people who cannot exploit their potential fully for the benefit of their country or for their own. This means that the rate of growth of the economy will reduce and will be low for the country whose youth do not participate in productive activities in their country. The problem of the unemployment in the youth do not face peopl e in one generation only but it extends to the following generations that cause them to affect the economy negatively. Unemployed youth have resulted in violent ways to get the things they need for their economic sustainability in different places. Some youths have involved themselves in different illegal activities that have led to the destabilization of their countries because, in their idleness and unproductiveness in the economy, they engage in activity to acquire forcibly the things that belong to other people. The lack of jobs causes the youth to get involved in different illegal activities, which may risk their lives and those of others in their environment. Those people who do not get formal opportunities get some others in informal sectors, which require them to work for long hours at very low wages, and in the hazardous environment where they do fit. This pushes some of them to get involved in illegal activities like robbery, drug trafficking and other forms of crimes that assure them fast and high returns for the effort they put in an activity. This implies that these youths do not only turn to be a risk to the other people but also are a threat to the stability the of systems of the economy that promote development and therefore, become causes of underdevelopment in the country of their residence.

Managing Human Resources-Phase 2 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managing Human Resources-Phase 2 DB - Essay Example For the individual, we should not make the assumption that everyone’s motivation is the same. While someone just starting out in his/her career may have long-term goals, a professional with 20 years under his/her belt will bring a different set of needs and desires to the position. It is helpful to understand each team member’s background when determining what motivates them. For the team, we should consider what kind of a sales and support structure we would like to create. At NL&S, we already have an exciting message of growth. We can supplement that message with customer service and follow-through. We have had some issues at NL&S related to customer service. It may make sense to tie the customer service people to our sales team—there will be more on this in the recommendations (Levine, 2004). Finally, we need to motivate not just the top performers, but the mid-level performers as well. It’s easy to give the top sellers great bonuses, but they were motivated to sell (or talented enough) anyway. By reaching to the middle level of our organization, we can pull them up with the proper motivation to exceed our expectations (Clive, 2007). The first thing we should do is interview the salespeople one-on-one. I would suggest that I sit in on each interview, in order to provide additional input and to listen from a different perspective. The primary reasons for this interview will be To determine what motivates the individual sales reps: talk about their top three items. I would expect, from a survey of literature, that they want to belong to a winning team, look good to their friends, family and fellow workers, and be well-compensated for good performance. To determine if there are any barriers to their better performance. We will concentrate on product and sales knowledge, problems that they may be encountering with our organization, our products, or our customer service. Since sales reps are

Creating Cross-Functional Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Creating Cross-Functional Teams - Essay Example Hence in most of the cases, it is better to have customer oriented teams design such products. Customer oriented teams have the advantage of understanding more clearly the specific requirements of the customer due to their â€Å"customer first† approach; responding adequately to varying needs on account of their flexibility, and giving a better and more customized solution to the customer based on their combined set of skills. 2. Anyone who has worked in team situations has discovered that some members of the team work harder than others; nonetheless, the whole team is often rewarded based on the overall results, not an individual effort. How could team evaluations be made so that individual efforts could be recognized and rewarded? Ans Team evaluations can be made to focus more on individual contributions in many different ways. Firstly, one can evaluate the performance of each member against the tasks he was assigned, thus in this manner, the performance of each member can b e compared with the other members of the team. Secondly, we can judge how much effort each member is putting into teamwork by observing his performance and inputs during team discussions, and his willingness when the group task is divided among the members.  This case can be a model for such an organization n that it effectively describes the steps that can be undertaken by the company management to become more customer oriented. This case accurately describes the essential requirements for a private organization to become more customer-aware, such as user-friendly systems, team-oriented approach etc. also it effectively describes the firewalls against activities such as pleasing bosses, by creating cross-functional teams and diluting a strict hierarchal structure. 4. What are some major impediments to implementing customer-oriented teams in service organizations? Ans One major impediment towards the implementation of customer-oriented teams in service organizations is the system of processes and procedures in the organization, particularly the inflexibility attached to those processes. This can be crucial as for an organization to become truly customer oriented; a certain level of flexibility in operations is required so as to respond to each customer in the most optimal manner. Another impediment is the hierarchal structure in the organizations, as it causes difficulty in formation of teams within the organization. Lastly, employees’ attitude and personalities also become an impediment towards the development of an effective team, especially one that is cross-functional (Webber, 2002). Employees may not feel comfortable working with one another and may not prefer equal status. This creates issues in the effective operation of a team, even after teams are created.

A History Of Feminism English Language Essay

A History Of Feminism English Language Essay Feminism is a historically recurring phenomenon, being a potent form of cultural identity to take on linguistic and social expression (Simon, 1996; 7). The concept of gender in an era of feminism, a period powerfully influenced by feminist thought, has been the focus of research in the field of translation studies. Issues of gendered identity within translation was first introduced by feminist thinkers in the 1960s and 1970s to question the cultural and political powerlessness of women (von Flotow, 1997: 5). The emergence of Canadian feminist translations (Godard, 1990, Lotbinià ¨re-Harwood 1991; von Flotow 1991), established a school of work, modelling a theory from incorporating feminist ideology into translation, which resultantly has influenced international translation studies. The pre-established notion that language was not only a man-made artefact but an expressive tool to reflect on male ideology impelled discussions of gender and translation. Contemporary theorists viewed this patriarchal language, traditionally used in largely male-run institutions such as universities, as an instrument of womens oppression (Lotbinià ¨re-Harwood 1991; von Flotow 1991). Needing to radically change these conventions, feminist translating during the 1970s sought to undermine and subvert patriarchal language, to introduce new, experimental ways of writing so that language could be used as a cultural intervention; an endeavour to alter expressions of dominance whether at the level of syntax or semantics (Simon, 1996: 9). Feminist theories have also initiated a revision of the terms central to translation studies and feminism, such as traditional hierarchies and gendered roles, and rules defining fidelity. Under the influence of the cultural turn, contemporary translation was not only an operation of linguistic transfer, but also one that created new textual forms and introduced new paradigms of knowledge. Translation is considered as a way of engaging with literature; where the feminist thought creates new lines of cultural communication, where translators are involved in a politics of transmission (Simon1996:viii). In addition, feminist theorisers saw a parallel between womens oppression in language and culture and its association to the devaluation of translation (Chamberlain, 1992). Translations themselves, given that they are secondary pieces of work, have negatively been linked with implications of discursive inferiority. The authority of the original over the reproduction is linked with imagery of masculinity and femininity; the original is considered the strong generative male, the translation the weaker and derivative female. (Simon, 1996: 1)  [1]  From this, the art of translating has been envisioned as a feminine activity (Simon 1996; Flotow 1997). Nonetheless, despite its historical status as a weak and passive composition, translating has offered a means of expression for women; allowing them to contribute to the intellectual and political aspects of society. In precedent years, scholarly authorship was primarily regarded as a male activity in European culture, and published literary work by women was susceptible to accusations of presumption (Krontiris 1992: 17-18).  [2]  Adversely, translation offered an opportunity for women to become involved in literary culture in a way that did not openly challenge social or literary power arrangements. Another theoretical view challenges the belief that the status of translation is analogous to that of women. Simon (1996) distinguishes a language of sexism in translation studies, noting connotations with dominance, fidelity and betrayal. Representative of this is the seventeenth century adage of les belles infidà ¨les, a term coined by Gilles Mà ©nage to describe the French practice of translation.  [3]  4The idea it encapsulates is that translations, like women, can be either beautiful or faithful, but not both; thus, being viewed as mutually exclusive. The term has hence come to signify a type of translation that diverges from its original to an extent that it betrays the source text. Such disparaging comparisons lead to objections and strong criticism on behalf of the feminist thinkers. According to Chamberlain (1992), terms such as les belles infidà ¨les express the traditional depreciation of both women and translation, resulting in the basis of feminist translation the ory: to identify and critique the tangle of concepts which relegates both women and translation to the bottom of the social and literary ladder (Simon, 1996: 1). From the revioson of such theories, it is discernible that taking a feminist approach on translation seeks to challenges the conventional hierarchies in society. Issues of language and gender have become intertwined, where gender can be seen as an element of identity and in some ways, takes form through social consciousness (Spivak, 1990). Applying a feminist voice to translation projects allows a translator to assert her identity and ideological stance. The feminist translator shows her critical judgement and her interminable re-reading and re-writing, flaunts the signs of her manipulation of the text highlighting her role on determining meaning to her work (Godard 1990: 91). What feminist theory highlights is this renewed sense of agency in translation, allowing the reader to make cultural sense of the difference between original and translation. Feminist translation endeavours to extend and develop the intention of the source text. Sherry Simon (cited in Arrojo, 1994) argues that the remarkable aspect of translation is that represents equivalence in difference. Taking into account the feminist perspective, provides an alternative voice to the original text, aiming to make the feminine visible in language (De Lotbiniere-Harwood, 1996: 15). Von Flotow (1997: 10) also expresses this intent by stating, if we continue to speak the same language, we will reproduce the same (his)story, therefore showing the need to create new lines of transmission. Exemplary of this approach is the Bible where revised versions provide a fresh vantage point for the reader. The eventual production of The Womens Bible (Stanton, 1895) was an attempt to draw attention to the sexist nature of current translations.  [5]  It was seen as a way to develop a language in an effort to alter expressions of domination and de-construct patriarchal language. political motive De Lotbinià ¨re-Harwood defined translation as a political activity making language speak for women. (Santaemilla, 2005: 36) but needs a limitation. Duly, feminist translation opens up the question of fidelity, which has been an established quandary throughout the history of translation.  [6]  The meaning of the original and the message intended for the reader can be uncertain and constantly subject to interpretation and distortion. A translation significantly altered will result in the work being an adaptation rather than a reproduction of the source text. Determinately, an excessive amount of manipulation will result in a loss of originality, where Brazilian critic Rosemary Arrojo (1994), states that it is contradictory to claim fidelity to a text one deliberately subverts.  [7]   However, for feminist translations, fidelity is to be directed toward the writing project itself, rather than to the authors original or the reader (Simon, 1996). Though there is recognition that the translator arbitrates the role of interventionist, as she reproduces faithfully but has scope for intervention, albeit this does not mean that the translation can be free in her reproduction but that her work should be shaped and focused by its final aims.  [8]   Another constraint is that translations themselves are made for a target audience, usually dependent on the receptor language. Likewise, a radically feminist text will only target one specific readership Equally, certain problems can arise from attempting to translate a highly masculine text With the prevalence of machismo in Spain and Latin America, the work of translating cultural gender differences has repeatedly raised issues of sexism. Suzanne Levine (1983: 83), experiences difficulties when translating metaphors and images referring negatively to women, questioning whether to repeat the same archetype in her translation.  [9]  Not only will it possess a question of fidelity but also a loss of originality. The presence of a system of sexist thinking in an authors work can make it very difficult to translate with a feminist approach. Obviously, the substance of the work represents a certain meaning that the author aspires to express, a meaning behind the choice of words, and through feminist thinking, this message could be lost through translation. Another obstacle when appropriating a feminist translation may stem from cultural problems rather than linguistic. Trying to re-work a text that is reflective of a specific time period it is written manifests difficulties. Translations of various books from the Bible have incorporated the use of neutral pronouns in an attempt to eliminate male-bias language (Haugerud, 1977).  [10]  Feminist revisions of the Bible do not seek to change the content of the text but are rather concerned with the language in which this content is expressed.  [11]  In riposte, Nida (cited in von Flotow, 1997: 55) asserts that the Bible needs to be read in the context of the male-dominated society in which it originated. Bearing these factors in mind, revising the language from a radically feminist perspective can considerably change the tone and meaning. Gender neutrality can be a way to explicitly avoid a Karen Nà ¶lle-Fischer (1995) translation has shown her the immense benefits of a language in which gender need not be immediately revealed in the nouns, adjectives or participles an author uses. In English, it is easy to postpone revealing the sex of any character, thus heightening the effect of gender when this mysterious person turns out to be contrary to what is believed.. It is thus possible to maintain ambiguities leave things up to the readers imagination and not impose one particular reading. It is difficult to maintain this ambiguity in gender marked languages. Given the characteristics inherent in languages with grammatical gender, where it explicitly references the sex of the noun, translators providing an English version of the source text will face uncertainties when translating. Canadian feminist translators innovated to find new formulas of expression that did not erase the gender marks of the original (Lotbinià ¨re-Harwood 1991; von Flotow 1991).  [12]   When looking at the contents page of the text, various language manipulations occur, in the titles of the short stories. The majority of them reflect on the translators position to remain neutral when re-working the gender-marked Spanish: Regalo para una novia, where sweetheart has been chosen instead of the more obvious girlfriend. This again can be seen with El huà ©sped de la maestra, without making explicit references to the sex ot the subjects in English.  [13]   Another difference can be seen with the translation of a word, as is explicit in Marà ­a la boba. Boba which refers to silly or naÃÆ' ¯ve gives off a negative connotation, but the English simple is quite neutral, reflecting that the author wished not to attribute a negative connotation to Marà ­a, Peden presenting her own feminist perspective. Yet probably the most striking alteration is with Nià ±a perversa, where not only does the English opt out of referencing the sex of the child, but translates perversa as wicked. Although accurately, wicked is a true rendering of the word perversa, the two do not share the same connotation even after having read the story.  [14]   However, if perversa was translated as perverted in the English, it would have a rather stronger connotation than the Spanish, and thus ascertaining the issues behind a cultural sense of the difference between original and translation. The alteration in the translation is not of a significant difference, demonstrating Simons belief of equivalence in difference. Another example where meaning is sometimes lost through translation is during the opening paragraph of the story. The young girl, Elena, is described as skinny and unattractive, as una cachorra desnutrida where the English translates as a scrawny whelp. A few lines on, with regards to Elenas solitary character she is referred to as una gata, where Peden writes a waif. Does mean wicked but dependent on the context, and I dont think it applies here. In the Spanish the metaphors plants a specific image in the readers mind, which is therefore lost in the English translation, as there is no build up of metaphors.  [15]   Interestingly, the translation does not take a strong feminist approach, showing that all translations need not be radically feminine. Pedens English translation remains faithful to the original text, rendering the meaning of Allendes stories within her new reproductions.

The Relationship Between Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shre

The Relationship Between Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shrew   Ã‚   William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.   His gift for developing characters is one major aspect that accounts for this lofty acknowledgement.   Shakespeare created various characters from drunks and fools to kings and generals.   The characters are so human and so real that the audience can see aspects of their own personalities represented on stage for better or worse.   Inadvertently, Shakespeare's ability to characterize any type of person demonstrates his holistic education and knowledge of everything from military strategy and open sea sailing to music and religion.   As a result of Shakespeare's true-to-life characters, the relationship between Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shrew is completely realistic, reflective of every aspect of the ever-present phenomenon of sibling rivalry.      Some people believe that sibling rivalry is nothing more than a series of petty disputes between hyperactive adolescents, a childhood trauma that most people outgrow. However, sibling rivalry also encompasses much more serious cases, like the permanent enmity between adult siblings. This phenomenon was studied extensively in the nineteenth century, when Charles Darwin presented his theory of evolution.   At that time, he said that one of the major causes of sibling rivalry is natural, and it occurs in nature when the competition is usually for food.   Specifically, whenever two individuals that consume the same type of food co-exist in the same area, they fight with each other until one of them manages to kill or drive the other out, leaving the winner with the exclusive use of the food resources a... ...es and further contributing to Shakespeare's reputation as the greatest dramatist and finest poet that the world has ever known.    Works cited:    Barton, Ann.   "The Taming of the Shrew." The Riverside Shakespeare 2nd ed. Ed. Dean Johnson et al. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997.   138-141.    Daniel, David. "Shakespeare and the Role of Women." The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare Studies.   Ed. Stanley Wells. Cambridge:   Cambridge UP, 1987.    Darwin, Charles.   Descent of Man.   New York: Prometheus Books, December 1997.    Fox, Levi, ed.   The Shakespeare Handbook. Boston:   G.K. Hall & Co., 1987.    Newman, Joan.   "Conflict and Friendship in Sibling Relationships: A Review."   Child Study Journal, 1994: 119-143.    Shakespeare, William.   The Taming of the Shrew.   New York: Simon and Schuster Trade, April 1991.

The Caucasus, Madagascar and Caribbean Islands: Biodiversity Hotspots

Biodiversity Hotspots The Caucasus: The Caucasus hotspot, historically interpreted as the area of land between the Black and Caspian seas, covers a total area of 580,000 km. Located at a biological crossroads, species from Central and Northern Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa mingles here with endemics found nowhere else. One of the most biologically rich regions on Earth, the Caucasus is among the planet’s 25 most diverse and endangered hotspots. The Caucasus is one of WWF’s Global 200 ‘ecoregions’ identified as globally outstanding for biodiversity.The Caucasus has also been named a large herbivore hotspot by WWF’s Large Herbivore Initiative. Eleven species of large herbivores, as well as five large carnivores, are found over a relatively small area to be endemic. The 2002 IUCN Red List identifies 50 species of globally threatened animals and one plant in the Caucasus. Among the IUCN species, 18 have restricted ranges or are e ndemics. The Caucasus Mountains harbor a wealth of highly sought after medical and decorative plants, as well as a vast endemism of plant communities. [pic]Spanning the borders of six countries, the Caucasus hotspot is a globally significant center of cultural diversity, where a multitude of ethnic groups, languages and religions intermingle over a relatively small area. Close cooperation across borders will be required for conservation of unique and threatened ecosystems, while helping to foster peace and understanding in an ethnically diverse region with a history of contrasting political and religious views. The Caucasus is a hotspot of plant and animal species diversity and endemism important for the conservation of biodiversity on a global scale.High levels of landscape diversity in the Caucasus are largely the result of altitude variability in the region. The unique geology and terrain, consisting of three major mountain chains separated by valleys and plains, permit a variety of different microclimate, soil and vegetative conditions. Climatic conditions are very diverse, with precipitation ranging from more than 4,000 mm per year in the southwestern Caucasus to less than 200 mm a year in deserts in the eastern Caucasus. These wide ranges of climatic conditions are a key factor that makes this area such a biologically important area.The Caribbean islands: [pic] The Caribbean Islands Biodiversity Hotspot is exceptionally important for global biodiversity conservation, due to high levels of species endemism and threat. The Caribbean is home to approximately 11,000 plants species, of which 72% are endemic to the region. The vertebrates are also characterized by extremely high levels of endemism: 100% of 189 amphibian species, 95% of 520 reptile species, 74% of 69 mammal species and 26% of 564 species birds are unique to the Caribbean Islands.In terms of endemism at the genus (biological classification of living organisms) ranking level, it ranks third among the world’s 34 Biodiversity Hotspots with 205 plants and 65 vertebrate genera endemic to the islands. Species restricted to the Caribbean Islands Biodiversity Hotspot represent 2. 6% of the world’s 300,000 plants species and 3. 5% of the world’s 27,298 vertebrate species). The high level of biological diversity in the Caribbean is due to several factors. During the early Cretaceous (120 to 140 million years b. ), a chain of volcanic islands (called Proto-Antilles) began to emerge along the eastern edge of the Caribbean Plate in the Pacific Ocean. The plate drifted eastward serving as a stepping-stone route exchange of terrestrial organisms between two previously separated regions. By the Eocene era (58 million years a. c), the core of the Greater Antilles achieved their present positions. The Lesser Antilles are the active remnants of an ancient volcanic chain, and are younger than the Greater Antilles.Several islands have particularly rugged and mountainous la ndscapes separated by large stretches of sea, which resulted in the isolation of populations. The Caribbean has suffered from high levels of habitat loss since the arrival of Europeans in the 1490s. This destruction has reduced the hotspot’s original estimated 229,549km2 of natural vegetation to just 22,955km2(or just 10%). The loss of native habitat combined with other threat factors, such as introduced (alien invasive) species, has resulted in severe and widespread degradation of the Caribbean’s unique biodiversity.Currently, 755 plants and vertebrate species are at risk of extinction, making the region one of the biodiversity hotspots holding the most globally threatened species. Madagascar: [pic] Madagascar is an island off the coast of Africa which is known to have some of the world's most interesting animals. It has a land area of 600,461 km?. About 80 percent of the species found in Madagascar live nowhere else on the planet. Madagascar is the forth largest isla nd in the world and broke away from the mainland about 160 million years ago. Therefore, the hotspot is a living example of species evolution in isolation.Despite close proximity to Africa, the islands do not share any of the typical animal groups of nearby Africa, making Madagascar home to a vast variety of endemic species. The island contains 5% of animal and plant species on Earth, with 80% endemic to the island. Madagascar is thought to have 11,600 endemic species of plant, 57 threatened endemic birds and 51 threatened endemic mammals. 18,482km of the island is protected land. Western areas of the island consist of dry savannah with deserts found in central regions. The eastern side of Madagascar facing the Indian Ocean is tropical rainforest with a high level of rainfall.The island is also host to several high mountain ecosystems. These biomes each support contrasting species, portraying the contrasting ecoregions in Madagascar. Madagascar and the surrounding islands have a tot al of eight plant families, four bird families, and five primate families that live nowhere else on Earth. Madagascar has more than 50 lemur species which are commonly associated with the island and are the focal point for conservation. The carnivorous fossa is another example of an endemic species as well as six Baobab species (huge trees with wide stumps).There are so many species endemic to Madagascar that some ecologists have called it â€Å"the eighth continent†. Many of these species, such as the fossa, are now considered to be an endangered species, with only about 2,500 mature fossa individuals in existence. Tenrecs, a family of small omnivorous mammals, primarily find their home on Madagascar, with 30 species found only there, and just 3 on the African mainland. There are numerous other species endemic to Madagascar, including 14 unique rodents, 15 species of bat, various chameleons and geckos, over a hundred birds, and hundreds of beetles and other insects.Conservat ion efforts must proceed aggressively to preserve this unique Madagascar fauna. Specific locations in Madagascar which are renowned for high biodiversity are situated on the eastern coast which is mainly tropical rainforest. These areas have year-round warmth and receive a lot of rainfall. Interestingly, the soils in the rainforest are poor because most of the biomes nutrients are locked up in the vegetation. In terms of flagship species in Madagascar, Baobabs are considered to be flagship trees for landscape conservation in western Madagascar, unique and individual features to the island landscape.Madagascar has seven of the world's eight Baobab tree species, six of them endemic to the island. Another endemic flagship plant to the island is the traveler's tree or palm, pollinated by the island's flagship vertebrate species, the lemurs. The tomato frog is a flagship amphibian of Madagascar, found only in a small corner of northeastern Madagascar. Threats to biodiversity Of the 10,00 0 plants native to Madagascar, 90% are found nowhere else in the world. Madagascar's varied fauna and flora are endangered by human activity, as a third of its native vegetation has disappeared since the 1970s, and only 18% remains intact.However, there are several national parks which have been established to help protect many of the endemic species. Extensive deforestation has taken place in parts of the country, reducing certain forest habitat and applying pressure to some endangered species. Madagascar has a population growth rate of approximately 3%, therefore, with a growing population, more of the islands endemic species become at risk due to the increase in human activity and development.